RHCSA Practice Exam – Altgr Blog

Overview

This practice exam covers a variety of tasks that are typically required for the RHCSA certification. Each task is designed to test your knowledge and skills in managing a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system.

rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_001
rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_002
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rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_001

INSTRUCTION

You will be given 2 VMs:
Hostname: servera.lab.example.com (172.24.10.10)
Hostname: serverb.lab.example.com (172.24.10.11)
Total number of questions will be around 22.
In one system, the root password is already set (no need to reset), but in the second system, the password needs to be recovered.
In one system, network configuration is required, but in the other one, networking is already done.
NTP needs to be configured on only one system (not both).
YUM Repo needs to be configured on both systems.
Firewall and SELinux are both pre-enabled.

NODE1

Q1. Configure network and set the static hostname.

IP ADDRESS: 172.25.250.10
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0
GATEWAY: 172.25.250.254
DNS/Nameserver: 172.25.250.254
Domain name: lab.example.com
HostName: servera.lab.example.com

Q2. Configure YUM repos with the given link (2 repos: BaseOS and AppStream)

BaseOS repo:

  baseurl = http://content.example.com/rhel9.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS

AppStream repo:

  baseurl = http://content.example.com/rhel9.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream

Answer:

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo

[BaseOs]
name=BaseOs
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS/
enabled=true
gpgcheck=false

[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream/
enabled=true
gpgcheck=false

yum clean all
yum repolist all
yum install httpd -y  # Verify installation

Q3. Debug SELinux.

A web server running on non-standard port 82 is having issues serving content. Debug and fix the issues.
The web server on your system can serve all the existing HTML files from /var/www/html.
Web service should automatically start at boot time.

Note: Do not make any changes to these files.

Answer:

yum install httpd -y  # If not already installed
systemctl status httpd.service
systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl status httpd.service
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Listen 82  # "Listen" parameter is already there
:wq!
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=82/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-all
semanage port -l | grep "http"  # Verify if port 82 is added
semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 82
semanage port -l | grep "http"  # Verify again
systemctl restart httpd.service
curl localhost:82  # Verify

Q4. Create User accounts with supplementary group.

Create the group named sysadms.
Create users named natasha and harry, with the supplementary group sysadms.
Create a user named sarah, which should have a non-interactive shell and should not be a member of sysadms.
Password for all users should be trootent.

Answer:

groupadd sysadms
useradd -G sysadms natasha
useradd -G sysadms harry
id natasha  # Verify
id harry    # Verify

useradd -s /sbin/nologin sarah
tail /etc/passwd  # Verify
chpasswd  # To set the password for multiple users
natasha:trootent
harry:trootent
sarah:trootent

Q5. Configure a cron job that runs every 1 minute and executes logger "EX200 in progress" as the user natasha.

Answer:

systemctl status crond.service  # Verify
yum install cronie -y  # If the package is not there
systemctl enable --now crond.service
crontab -eu natasha
*/1 * * * * logger "EX200 in progress"
:wq!
tail -f /var/log/message | grep "EX200"  # Verify

Q6. Create a collaborative Directory.

Create the directory /home/manager with the following characteristics:
Group ownership of /home/manager should go to the sysadms group.
The directory should have full permissions for all members of sysadms group but not to other users except root.
Files created in the future under /home/manager should get the same group ownership.

Answer:

mkdir /home/manager
chgrp sysadms /home/manager
ls -ld /home/manager  # Verify
chmod g+rwx,o-rwx /home/manager
ls -ld /home/manager  # Verify
chmod g+s /home/manager  # Apply SGID permission
touch /home/manager/file1.txt  # Verify
ls -l /home/manager/file1.txt  # Verify

Q7. Configure NTP.

Synchronize the time of your system with the server classroom.example.com.

Answer:

systemctl status chronyd.service
yum install chrony -y  # If it is not there
systemctl enable --now chronyd.service
systemctl status chronyd.service  # Verify
timedatectl  # Ensure system clock is synchronized and NTP service is active
timedatectl set-ntp true
vim /etc/chrony.conf
server classroom.example.com iburst
:wq!
systemctl restart chronyd.service
chronyc sources  # Verify

Q8. Configure AutoFS

All ldapuserX home directories are exported via NFS, available on classroom.example.com (172.25.250.254), and your NFS exports directory is /home/guests for ldapuserX.
ldapuserX‘s home directory is classroom.example.com:/home/guests/ldapuserX, where X is the station number.
ldapuserX‘s home directory should be automounted using the autofs service.
Home directories must be writable by their users.

Note: While you are able to log in as any of the users ldapuser1 to ldapuser20, only the home directory that is accessible from your system.

Answer:

yum install autofs -y
systemctl enable --now autofs.service
systemctl status autofs.service
vim /etc/auto.master
/home/guests /etc/auto.misc
:wq!
vim /etc/auto.misc
ldapuserX -fstype=nfs,rw,sync classroom.example.com:/home/guests/&
:wq!
systemctl restart autofs.service
ls -ld /home/guests  # Verify

Q9. Create user alex with UID 3456 and set the password trootent.

Answer:

useradd -u 3456 alex
echo "trootent" | passwd --stdin alex
id alex  # Verify

Q10. Locate all files owned by user harry and copy them under /root/harry-files.

Answer:

mkdir /root/harry-files
find / -user harry -exec cp -rpvf {} /root/harry-files \;
ls -la /root/harry-files  # Verify

Q12. Find the string 'ich' from /usr/share/dict/words and put it into /root/lines file.

Answer:

grep 'ich' /usr/share/dict/words > /root/lines
cat /root/lines  # Verify

Q13. Create an archive /root/backup.tar.bz2 of /usr/local directory and compress it with bzip2.

Answer:

tar cfj /root/backup.tar.bz2 /usr/local
ls -l /root/backup.tar.bz2  # Verify
tar tfj /root/backup.tar.bz2  # Verify contents

Note: If it’s asking for gzip compression, use -z option. For xz compression, use -J.

Q14. Script File

Create a script file named script.sh inside /bin that locates all files from /usr/local directory which are more than 30k and less than 50k, and copies them under /root/d1.
Set the SGID permission for this directory.

Answer:

vim /bin/script.sh

#!/bin/bash
mkdir -p /root/d1
find /usr/local -size +30k -size -50k -exec cp -rpvf {} /root/d1 \;
chmod g+s /root/d1

:wq

chmod a+x /bin/script.sh
sh /bin/script.sh

Q15. Create a container image from the provided link.

Create a container image from http://utility.example.com/container/Containerfile and name it as process_files.
Login to registry.lab.example.com using admin and password redhat321.

Answer:

su - athena
podman login -u admin registry.lab.example.com
Password: redhat321
wget http://utility.example.com/container/Containerfile
podman build -t process_files -f Containerfile
podman images  # Verify image creation
exit

Q16. Create a rootless container and do volume mapping, then run the container as a service from a normal user account. The service must be enabled to start automatically after reboot.

Create a container named ascii2pdf using the previously created container image process_files.
Map /opt/files to container /opt/incoming.
Map /opt/processed to container /opt/outgoing.
Create a systemd service named container-ascii2pdf.service.
Ensure the service is active after all server reboots.

Answer:

mkdir /opt/files /opt/processed
chown -R athena:athena /opt/files /opt/processed
su - athena
podman run -d --name ascii2pdf -v /opt/files:/opt/incoming:Z -v /opt/processed:/opt/outgoing:Z localhost/process_files
podman ps  # Verify container is running
mkdir -p ~/.config/systemd/user/
cd ~/.config/systemd/user/
podman generate systemd --name ascii2pdf --files --new
loginctl enable-linger athena
loginctl show-user athena
systemctl --user daemon-reload
systemctl --user enable container-ascii2pdf.service
systemctl --user start container-ascii2pdf.service
systemctl --user status container-ascii2pdf.service  # Verify
exit

INSTRUCTION:

In this server, 3 disks are provided.

/dev/vda: For root filesystem (do not modify).
/dev/vdb: Use for swap or LVM.
/dev/vdc: For other storage tasks.

Q17. Reset the root user password and set it to trootent.

Answer:

Reboot the system.
Interrupt the boot loader countdown by pressing any key except Enter.
Edit the default boot entry.
Append rd.break console=tty1 to the kernel command line.
Press Ctrl+x to boot.
At the prompt:

mount -o remount,rw /sysroot
chroot /sysroot
passwd root

New password: trootent
Retype new password: trootent

touch /.autorelabel
exit
exit

System will reboot and apply SELinux relabeling.

Q18. Configure YUM repos with the given link (2 repos: BaseOS and AppStream)

BaseOS repo:

baseurl = http://content.example.com/rhel9.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS

AppStream repo:

baseurl = http://content.example.com/rhel9.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream

Answer:

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo
[BaseOs]
name=BaseOs
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/BaseOS/
enabled=true
gpgcheck=false

[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel8.0/x86_64/dvd/AppStream/
enabled=true
gpgcheck=false
:wq!
yum clean all
yum repolist all

Q19. Resize a Logical Volume

Resize the logical volume mylv so that after reboot, the size should be between 290MB to 330MB.

Note: The LVM is already created in the exam.

Answer:

lvs
lsblk
lvextend -L 310M /dev/myvg/mylv
resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
lsblk  # Verify
df -Th  # Verify

Q20. Add a swap partition of 512MB and mount it permanently.

Answer:

gdisk /dev/vdb
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2): Press Enter
First sector: Press Enter
Last sector: +512M
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8200
Command (? for help): w

udevadm settle
mkswap /dev/vdb2
blkid  # Copy the UUID

vim /etc/fstab
UUID=<UUID from blkid> none swap defaults 0 0
:wq!

swapon -a
swapon -s  # Verify
free -h  # Verify swap space

Q21. Create a logical volume named wshare from a volume group named wgroup with physical extents of 16M and a logical volume size of 50 extents. Format it with vfat filesystem and permanently mount it to /mnt/wshare.

Answer:

gdisk /dev/vdb
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3): 3
First sector: Press Enter
Last sector: +1024M
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00  # Linux LVM
Command (? for help): w

udevadm settle
pvcreate /dev/vdb3
vgcreate -s 16M wgroup /dev/vdb3
lvcreate -n wshare -l +50 wgroup
mkfs.vfat /dev/mapper/wgroup-wshare
blkid
mkdir /mnt/wshare

vim /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/wgroup-wshare /mnt/wshare vfat defaults 0 0
:wq

mount -a
lsblk  # Verify
df -Th  # Verify

Q22. Configure System Tuning.

Choose the recommended tuned profile for your system and set it as the default.

Answer:

systemctl status tuned.service
yum install tuned -y  # If not installed
systemctl enable --now tuned.service
tuned-adm recommend  # Output might be 'virtual-guest'
tuned-adm profile virtual-guest
tuned-adm active  # Verify current active profile

BEST OF LUCK

rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_002

RHCSA-VM Configuration

Virtual Machine Details:
Name: serverX.example.com (Replace X with your domain number)
Password for both VMs: Postroll
IP Address: 172.25.X.11/255.255.255.0 (Replace X with your domain number)
Gateway: 172.25.254.254
DNS Domain: example.com with IP 172.25.254.254
Example Configuration for Foundation Machine #9:

nmcli connection add con-name eth0 ifname eth0 type ethernet ip4 172.25.9.11/24 gw4 172.25.254.254
nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.dns 172.25.254.254
nmcli connection modify eth0 ipv4.method manual
nmcli connection modify eth0 connection.autoconnect true
nmcli connection down eth0
nmcli connection up eth0

Set the Hostname:

hostnamectl set-hostname server9.example.com --static

Pre-Exam Checks:
Ping VM IPs and classroom.example.com:
bash ping 172.25.9.11 ping 172.25.9.10 ping 172.25.254.254 ping 172.25.254.9 # Your base Machine ping example.com
Check running target and switch if necessary:
bash systemctl get-default # Check current target systemctl set-default graphical.target # Switch to graphical.target

Question 1: Configure SELinux

Objective: Ensure the system is running SELinux in enforcing mode.

Answer:

# Edit SELinux configuration
vim /etc/selinux/config

# Change the following line
SELINUX=enforcing

# Save and exit the editor, then reboot to apply changes
reboot

Question 2: Create a 100MB Physical Partition Mounted Under `/gluster`

Objective: Create and mount a new partition.

Answer:

# Create a 100MB partition on /dev/vdb
fdisk /dev/vdb <<EOF
n
p
2

+100M
w
EOF

# Refresh partition table
partx /dev/vdb

# Format the new partition with ext4 filesystem
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb2

# Create mount point
mkdir -p /gluster

# Retrieve UUID
blkid /dev/vdb2

# Add to /etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/vdb2) /gluster ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# Mount all filesystems
mount -a

# Verify mount
df -hT | grep /gluster

Question 3: Create a 150MB Swap Partition

Objective: Create and enable a swap partition.

Answer:

# Create a 150MB swap partition on /dev/vdb
fdisk /dev/vdb <<EOF
n
p
3

+150M
t
3
82
w
EOF

# Refresh partition table
partx /dev/vdb || reboot

# Set up swap space
mkswap /dev/vdb3

# Enable swap immediately
swapon /dev/vdb3
swapon -a

# Add to /etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/vdb3) swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# Verify swap
free -m
swapon -s

Question 4: Create a YUM Repository

Objective: Set up a local YUM repository.

Answer:

# Create YUM repository file
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhcsa.repo

# Add the following content:
[localrepo]
name=Local Repo for RHCSA exam
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel7.0/x86_64/dvd
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

# Save and exit the editor

# Clean and verify YUM repositories
yum clean all
yum list all
yum repolist

Question 5: Create Users and Groups

Objective: Create specific users and groups with defined memberships and permissions.

Answer:

# Create group 'sysgrp'
groupadd sysgrp

# Create users 'andrew', 'susan', and 'sarah'
useradd andrew
useradd susan
useradd -s /sbin/nologin sarah

# Add 'andrew' and 'susan' to 'sysgrp'
usermod -aG sysgrp andrew
usermod -aG sysgrp susan

# Set passwords for users
echo -e "Postroll\nPostroll" | passwd andrew
echo -e "Postroll\nPostroll" | passwd susan
echo -e "Postroll\nPostroll" | passwd sarah

# Verification
id andrew
id susan
su - sarah  # Should display: "This account is currently not available."

Expected Output:

uid=1002(andrew) gid=1003(andrew) groups=1003(andrew),1002(sysgrp)
uid=1003(susan) gid=1004(susan) groups=1004(susan),1002(sysgrp)

Question 6: Create a Collaborative Directory `/redhat/sysgrp`

Objective: Set up a directory with specific group ownership and permissions.

Answer:

# Create the directory
mkdir -p /redhat/sysgrp

# Set group ownership to 'sysgrp'
chgrp sysgrp /redhat/sysgrp

# Set permissions: rwxrws--- (2770)
chmod 2770 /redhat/sysgrp

# Verification
ls -ld /redhat/sysgrp
# Expected Output:
# drwxrws---. 2 root sysgrp 6 Jun 15 23:21 /redhat/sysgrp

Question 7: Install and Configure Kernel Update

Objective: Install updated kernel ensuring it is the default on reboot while retaining the original kernel.

Answer:

# Edit YUM repository to include kernel updates
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhcsa.repo

# Add the following section:
[kernelrepo]
name=Local Repo for Kernel
baseurl=http://content.example.com/rhel7.0/x86_64/errata
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

# Save and exit the editor

# Refresh YUM repositories
yum repolist

# Check current kernel version
uname -rms
# Example Output:
# Linux 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 x86_64

# Install the updated kernel
yum install kernel -y

# Reboot the system
reboot

# After reboot, verify the new kernel
uname -rms
# Example Output:
# Linux 3.10.0-123.1.2.el7.x86_64 x86_64

Question 8: Enable IP Forwarding

Objective: Enable IP forwarding on the system.

Answer:

# Edit sysctl configuration
vim /etc/sysctl.conf

# Add or modify the following line:
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

# Save and exit the editor

# Apply the changes
sysctl -p

# Verification
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
# Expected Output:
# net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Question 9: Configure a Cron Job for User `andrew`

Objective: Set up a daily cron job for user andrew to execute a specific command.

Answer:

# Install cronie if not already installed
yum install cronie -y

# Enable and start crond service
systemctl enable crond
systemctl start crond

# Edit crontab for user 'andrew'
crontab -u andrew -e

# Add the following line:
23 14 * * * /bin/echo hiya

# Save and exit the editor

# Verification
crontab -u andrew -l

Question 10: Configure AutoFS for LDAP Users

Objective: Automate mounting of LDAP users’ home directories via NFS.

Answer:

# Install autofs
yum install autofs -y

# Create AutoFS master configuration file
vim /etc/auto.master.d/home.autofs

# Add the following line:
 /home/guests /etc/auto.home

# Save and exit the editor

# Create AutoFS map file
vim /etc/auto.home

# Add the following line (replace X with server number):
ldapuserX -fstype=nfs,rw,sync classroom.example.com:/home/guests/&

# Example for server #9:
ldapuser9 -fstype=nfs,rw,sync classroom.example.com:/home/guests/ldapuser9

# Save and exit the editor

# Enable and start autofs service
systemctl enable autofs
systemctl start autofs

# Verification
ssh ldapuser9@localhost
# Run:
df -h
# Expected Output:
# classroom.example.com:/home/guests/ldapuser9 10G 3.4G 6.7G 34% /home/guests/ldapuser9

Question 11: Configure NTP Client

Objective: Set up the system as an NTP client of classroom.example.com.

Answer:

# Install chrony
yum install chrony -y

# Edit chrony configuration
vim /etc/chrony.conf

# Add the following line:
server classroom.example.com iburst

# Save and exit the editor

# Restart and enable chronyd service
systemctl restart chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd

# Verification
chronyc sources -V  # Check reach level

Question 12: Copy and Configure `/etc/fstab` with Appropriate Permissions

Objective: Duplicate /etc/fstab to /var/tmp and set specific permissions.

Answer:

# Copy /etc/fstab to /var/tmp
cp /etc/fstab /var/tmp/

# Set ownership to root
chown root:root /var/tmp/fstab

# Remove execute permissions
chmod a-x /var/tmp/fstab

# Set Access Control Lists (ACLs)
setfacl -m u:andrew:rw- /var/tmp/fstab
setfacl -m u:susan:--- /var/tmp/fstab
setfacl -m o::r-- /var/tmp/fstab

# Verification
getfacl /var/tmp/fstab

# Test access as 'andrew'
su - andrew
vim /var/tmp/fstab  # Should allow read and write
exit

# Test access as 'susan'
su - susan
cat /var/tmp/fstab  # Should display "Permission denied"
exit

BEST OF LUCK

Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA) 9 Exam

Question 1:

Create a new user named developer with a home directory and assign the default shell /bin/bash. Set the account to expire in 45 days.

Answer:

Use the command:

useradd -m -s /bin/bash -e $(date -d "+45 days" +%Y-%m-%d) developer

Question 2:

Configure a static IP address 192.168.10.50/24 for the interface eth0, set the gateway to 192.168.10.1, and DNS servers to 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4.

Answer:

Use nmtui or nmcli to edit connection settings.
Using nmcli:

nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.10.50/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.10.1 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4"
nmcli con up eth0

Question 3:

Schedule a cron job to run a script /usr/local/bin/cleanup.sh every day at 3:15 AM.

Answer:

Edit the crontab:crontab -e
Add the following line:

15 3 * * * /usr/local/bin/cleanup.sh

Question 4:

Set up a firewall rule to allow incoming SSH connections only from the network 192.168.100.0/24.

Answer:

Create a new zone:

firewall-cmd --permanent --new-zone=sshzone

Add the source network:

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=sshzone --add-source=192.168.100.0/24

Allow SSH service in the zone:

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=sshzone --add-service=ssh

Reload the firewall:

firewall-cmd --reload

Question 5:

Create a partition on /dev/sdc, format it with ext4, and mount it persistently on /data.

Answer:

Partition the disk:

fdisk /dev/sdc
# Inside fdisk, create a new partition and write changes

Format the partition:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1

Create mount point:

mkdir /data

Add to /etc/fstab:

echo "/dev/sdc1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

Mount all filesystems:

mount -a

Question 6:

Configure SELinux to allow the NGINX web server to serve content from a custom directory /web/content.

Answer:

Change the SELinux context:

semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t "/web/content(/.*)?"

Apply the context:

restorecon -Rv /web/content

Question 7:

Create a logical volume lv_data of size 15G in volume group vg_data, format it with xfs, and mount it on /mnt/data.

Answer:

Create the logical volume:

lvcreate -L 15G -n lv_data vg_data

Format the logical volume:

mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_data/lv_data

Create mount point:

mkdir /mnt/data

Add to /etc/fstab:

echo "/dev/vg_data/lv_data /mnt/data xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

Mount all filesystems:

mount -a

Question 8:

Configure time synchronization using chrony to synchronize with the server ntp.example.com.

Answer:

Install chrony if not installed:

yum install chrony

Edit /etc/chrony.conf:

# ...existing code... 
server ntp.example.com iburst 
# ...existing code...

Start and enable chronyd:

systemctl start chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd

Question 9:

Set up an NFS client to mount the NFS share server:/exports/data to /mnt/nfs_data at boot.

Answer:

Install NFS utilities:

yum install nfs-utils

Create mount point:

mkdir /mnt/nfs_data

Add to /etc/fstab:

echo "server:/exports/data /mnt/nfs_data nfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

Mount all filesystems:

mount -a

Question 10:

Create a script /usr/local/bin/disk_alert.sh that checks if disk usage exceeds 80% on any partition and sends an email alert to admin@example.com.

Answer:

Create the script:

#!/bin/bash
THRESHOLD=80
df -h | awk 'NR>1{if(int($5)>=THRESHOLD) print "Disk space warning: "$0}' | mail -s "Disk Space Alert" admin@example.com

Make it executable:

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/disk_alert.sh

Schedule it in crontab to run daily:

crontab -e

Add the line:

0 6 * * * /usr/local/bin/disk_alert.sh

Question 11:

Restrict SSH access so that only the users admin and devops can log in via SSH.

Answer:

Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config:

// ...existing code... 
AllowUsers admin devops
 // ...existing code...

Restart SSH service:

systemctl restart sshd

Question 12:

Install the MariaDB database server and secure the installation by setting the root password and removing anonymous users.

Answer:

Install MariaDB:

yum install mariadb-server

Start and enable the service:

systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb

Run the security script:mysql_secure_installation Follow the prompts to set the root password and remove anonymous users.

Question 13:

Create a group named project and add users alice and bob to this group.

Answer:

Create the group:

groupadd project

Add users to the group:

usermod -aG project alice usermod -aG project bob

Question 14:

Compress all log files in /var/log that are larger than 5 MB using gzip.

Answer:

find /var/log -type f -size +5M -exec gzip {} \;

Question 15:

Set the system to boot into graphical.target by default.

Answer:

systemctl set-default graphical.target

Note: This example exam paper is designed to provide practice with tasks commonly encountered in the RHCSA 9 exam, covering areas such as user and group management, networking, scheduling, firewall configuration, storage management, time synchronization, NFS setup, scripting, SSH security, database installation, and systemd targets.

RHCSA 9 Practice Exam

Total Time: 2 hours
Total Marks: 300

Section A: Basic System Administration (100 Marks)

Question 1: User and Group Management (20 Marks)

Create a user named examuser with a primary group developers.
Ensure the user’s home directory is located at /customhome/examuser.

Answer:

useradd -m -d /customhome/examuser -g developers examuser

Question 2: File Permissions (20 Marks)

Create a directory /project with the following permissions:

The owner has full access, the group developers can read and write, and others have no access.
Make sure all files created within the directory inherit the developers group.

Answer:

mkdir /project
chown root:developers /project
chmod 770 /project
chmod g+s /project

Question 3: Software Management (20 Marks)

Install the wget package using dnf and verify its installation.

Answer:

dnf install -y wget
rpm -q wget

Question 4: Networking (40 Marks)

Configure a static IP address for the network interface enp0s3:
- IP Address: 192.168.1.100
- Netmask: 255.255.255.0
- Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Ensure the changes persist after reboot.

Answer:
Edit the network interface configuration file:

nmcli con mod enp0s3 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.100/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 ipv4.method manual
nmcli con up enp0s3

Section B: Advanced System Administration (200 Marks)

Question 5: LVM Management (50 Marks)

Create a new partition /dev/sdb for LVM.
Create a volume group vg_exam and a logical volume lv_data of size 1GB.
Mount the logical volume on /data and ensure it is persistent after reboot.

Answer:

pvcreate /dev/sdb
vgcreate vg_exam /dev/sdb
lvcreate -L 1G -n lv_data vg_exam
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_exam/lv_data
mkdir /data
mount /dev/vg_exam/lv_data /data
echo '/dev/vg_exam/lv_data /data xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

Question 6: SELinux (30 Marks)

Create a directory /secureweb and configure SELinux to allow Apache (httpd) to serve content from it.

Answer:

mkdir /secureweb
chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /secureweb
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/secureweb(/.*)?'
restorecon -R /secureweb

Question 7: Firewall (30 Marks)

Open the port 8080 in the firewall to allow incoming connections and make it persistent.

Answer:

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload

Question 8: Troubleshooting (40 Marks)

A user reports they cannot SSH into the server. Investigate and resolve any issues with the sshd service.

Answer:

Check the status of the SSH service: systemctl status sshd
Restart the service if needed: systemctl restart sshd
Verify port 22 is open in the firewall: firewall-cmd --list-ports firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
Confirm sshd is listening: netstat -tuln | grep 22

Question 9: Backup and Restore (50 Marks)

Create a compressed tar archive of /project named /backups/project_backup.tar.gz.
Verify the archive integrity.

Answer:

tar -czf /backups/project_backup.tar.gz /project
tar -tzf /backups/project_backup.tar.gz

Most Commonly Asked RHCSA Topics

User and Group Management:
- Creating, modifying, and deleting users and groups.
- Setting passwords, expiration, and special permissions.
File Permissions and ACLs:
- Configuring file and directory permissions, ACLs, and sticky bits.
Package Management:
- Installing, updating, and removing software using dnf and rpm.
Network Configuration:
- Setting up static IP addresses, DNS servers, and troubleshooting network issues.
Logical Volume Management (LVM):
- Creating, extending, and reducing LVM partitions.
SELinux:
- Managing SELinux modes and configuring security contexts.
Firewall Management:
- Configuring firewalld rules and managing zones.
System Services:
- Managing systemd services, including enabling, disabling, and restarting services.
Storage Management:
- Creating and mounting file systems, managing RAID, and using disk quotas.
Troubleshooting:
- Diagnosing boot issues, recovering root passwords, and resolving service failures.
Backup and Restore:
- Using tar, rsync, and logical volume snapshots for backups.

This structure balances theoretical understanding with hands-on practical tasks, reflecting real-world scenarios. Let me know if you want to expand on any topic!

Question 1: User and Group Management

Task 1.1: Create a New User

Create a new user named examuser and set the password to ExamPass123.

Answer:

sudo useradd examuser
echo "ExamPass123" | sudo passwd --stdin examuser

Task 1.2: Create a New Group

Create a new group named examgroup and add examuser to this group.

Answer:

sudo groupadd examgroup
sudo usermod -aG examgroup examuser

Task 1.3: Set Password Expiry

Set the password for examuser to expire in 30 days.

Answer:

sudo chage -M 30 examuser

Question 2: File and Directory Management

Task 2.1: Create a Directory

Create a directory /examdata and set the owner to examuser and the group to examgroup.

Answer:

sudo mkdir /examdata
sudo chown examuser:examgroup /examdata

Task 2.2: Set Permissions

Create a file /examdata/examfile and set the permissions to 640.

Answer:

sudo touch /examdata/examfile
sudo chmod 640 /examdata/examfile

Task 2.3: Set Default ACLs

Set default ACLs on /examdata so that members of examgroup have read and write permissions on new files.

Answer:

sudo setfacl -d -m g:examgroup:rw /examdata

Question 3: Package Management

Task 3.1: Install a Package

Install the httpd package.

Answer:

sudo yum install -y httpd

Task 3.2: Start and Enable a Service

Start the httpd service and ensure it starts on boot.

Answer:

sudo systemctl start httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd

Task 3.3: Verify the Service

Verify that the httpd service is running.

Answer:

sudo systemctl status httpd

Question 4: Logical Volume Management

Task 4.1: Create a Physical Volume

Create a physical volume on /dev/sdb.

Answer:

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb

Task 4.2: Create a Volume Group

Create a volume group named examvg using the physical volume /dev/sdb.

Answer:

sudo vgcreate examvg /dev/sdb

Task 4.3: Create a Logical Volume

Create a logical volume named examlv of size 10G in the volume group examvg.

Answer:

sudo lvcreate -L 10G -n examlv examvg

Task 4.4: Create a Filesystem

Create an ext4 filesystem on the logical volume examlv.

Answer:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/examvg/examlv

Task 4.5: Mount the Filesystem

Mount the logical volume examlv on /mnt/exam.

Answer:

sudo mkdir /mnt/exam
sudo mount /dev/examvg/examlv /mnt/exam

Task 4.6: Persist the Mount

Ensure the logical volume examlv is mounted on /mnt/exam at boot.

Answer:

echo '/dev/examvg/examlv /mnt/exam ext4 defaults 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Question 5: SELinux Management

Task 5.1: Set SELinux Mode

Set the SELinux mode to permissive.

Answer:

sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

Task 5.2: Restore Default File Contexts

Restore the default SELinux context for the directory /examdata.

Answer:

sudo restorecon -R /examdata

Task 5.3: Set SELinux Boolean

Enable the SELinux boolean httpd_enable_homedirs.

Answer:

sudo setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs on

Question 6: Network Configuration

Task 6.1: Configure a Static IP Address

Configure a static IP address 192.168.1.100/24 on the interface eth0 with a gateway 192.168.1.1.

Answer:

sudo nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.100/24
sudo nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
sudo nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual
sudo nmcli con up eth0

Task 6.2: Configure DNS

Set the DNS server to 8.8.8.8 for the interface eth0.

Answer:

sudo nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"
sudo nmcli con up eth0

Question 7: Firewall Configuration

Task 7.1: Allow HTTP Traffic

Allow HTTP traffic through the firewall.

Answer:

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Task 7.2: Verify Firewall Rules

Verify that HTTP traffic is allowed through the firewall.

Answer:

sudo firewall-cmd --list-all

Question 8: Container Management

Task 8.1: Pull a Container Image

Pull the nginx container image from Docker Hub.

Answer:

podman pull docker.io/library/nginx

Task 8.2: Run a Container

Run a container named mynginx from the nginx image, mapping port 8080 on the host to port 80 in the container.

Answer:

podman run -d --name mynginx -p 8080:80 docker.io/library/nginx

Task 8.3: Verify the Container

Verify that the mynginx container is running.

Answer:

podman ps

Task 8.4: Configure the Container to Start Automatically

Configure the mynginx container to start automatically as a systemd service.

Answer:

podman generate systemd --name mynginx --files --new
sudo mv container-mynginx.service /etc/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl enable container-mynginx.service
sudo systemctl start container-mynginx.service

Question 9: Attach Persistent Storage to a Container

Task 9.1: Create a Directory for Persistent Storage

Create a directory /var/lib/mydata on the host system.

Answer:

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/mydata
sudo chown 1000:1000 /var/lib/mydata

Task 9.2: Run a Container with Persistent Storage

Run an Nginx container named mynginx with the host directory /var/lib/mydata mounted to /usr/share/nginx/html inside the container.

Answer:

podman run -d --name mynginx -p 8080:80 -v /var/lib/mydata:/usr/share/nginx/html:Z docker.io/library/nginx

Task 9.3: Verify the Volume Mount

Verify that the volume is mounted correctly inside the container.

Answer:

podman inspect mynginx

Task 9.4: Test Persistent Storage

Create a file in the host directory and verify that it is accessible inside the container.

Answer:

echo "Hello, World!" | sudo tee /var/lib/mydata/index.html
curl http://localhost:8080

Conclusion

This practice exam covers a variety of tasks related to user and group management, file and directory management, package management, logical volume management, SELinux management, network configuration, firewall configuration, and container management. Mastery of these tasks is essential for passing the RHCSA exam.

These notes should help you understand and practice the tasks required for the RHCSA exam. Good luck with your studies!

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_1
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_2
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_3
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_4
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_5
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_6
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_7
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_8
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_9
RHCSA_Practice_Questions_10

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_1

Question 1:
How do you display the current kernel version?

Answer:
Use the command:
uname -r

Question 2:
Explain how to create a compressed archive of the /home/user directory using gzip.

Answer:
Use the command:
tar -czvf home_user.tar.gz /home/user

Question 3:
How can you view the first 20 lines of a file named log.txt?

Answer:
Use the command:
head -20 log.txt

Question 4:
What is the command to display all users currently logged into the system?

Answer:
Use the command:
who

Question 5:
Describe how to change the permissions of a file script.sh to make it executable by the owner only.

Answer:
Use the command:
chmod 700 script.sh

Question 6:
How do you display all the lines in a file config.cfg that do not contain the word DEBUG?

Answer:
Use the command:
grep -v "DEBUG" config.cfg

Question 7:
Explain how to set up a cron job that runs every Friday at 5 PM to execute /usr/local/bin/weekly_report.sh.

Answer:

Edit the crontab:
crontab -e
Add the line:
0 17 * * 5 /usr/local/bin/weekly_report.sh

Question 8:
How can you check the amount of free memory on your system?

Answer:
Use the command:
free -h

Question 9:
What is the command to display the manual page for the ls command?

Answer:
Use the command:
man ls

Question 10:
Describe how to install a package vim using dnf.

Answer:
Use the command:
dnf install vim

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_2

Question 1:
How do you list all the groups a user john is a member of?

Answer:
Use the command:
groups john

Question 2:
Explain how to display real-time system resource usage.

Answer:
Use the command:
top

Question 3:
What is the command to change the group ownership of a directory /shared to developers?

Answer:
Use the command:
chgrp developers /shared

Question 4:
How can you find the path of an executable command python?

Answer:
Use the command:
which python

Question 5:
Describe how to reload the firewalld configuration after making changes.

Answer:
Use the command:
firewall-cmd --reload

Question 6:
How do you display the default target (runlevel) of the system?

Answer:
Use the command:
systemctl get-default

Question 7:
Explain how to disable the cups service from starting at boot.

Answer:
Use the command:
systemctl disable cups

Question 8:
What is the command to view the contents of an RPM package file package.rpm?

Answer:
Use the command:
rpm -qlp package.rpm

Question 9:
How can you create a new empty file named test.txt?

Answer:
Use the command:
touch test.txt

Question 10:
Describe how to display all network connections and listening ports.

Answer:
Use the command:
ss -tunlp

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_3

Question 1:
How do you view the last reboot time of the system?

Answer:
Use the command:
who -b

Question 2:
Explain how to forcefully unmount a busy filesystem /mnt/data.

Answer:
Use the command:
umount -l /mnt/data

Question 3:
What is the command to display the UUID of all block devices?

Answer:
Use the command:
blkid

Question 4:
How can you check which version of the GNU C Library is installed?

Answer:
Use the command:
ldd --version

Question 5:
Describe how to change the time zone to America/New_York.

Answer:
Use the command:
timedatectl set-timezone America/New_York

Question 6:
How do you display all failed systemd services?

Answer:
Use the command:
systemctl --failed

Question 7:
Explain how to create a new empty Git repository in the current directory.

Answer:
Use the command:
git init

Question 8:
What is the command to display the disk usage of the /var directory in human-readable format?

Answer:
Use the command:
du -sh /var

Question 9:
How can you list the contents of a ZIP file archive.zip without extracting it?

Answer:
Use the command:
unzip -l archive.zip

Question 10:
Describe how to set the environment variable JAVA_HOME to /usr/lib/jvm/java-11.

Answer:
Add the line to ~/.bash_profile:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_4

Question 1:
How do you display the IP routing table?

Answer:
Use the command:
ip route

Question 2:
Explain how to find out which package provides the file /usr/bin/zip.

Answer:
Use the command:
rpm -qf /usr/bin/zip

Question 3:
What is the command to extract the contents of archive.tar.xz?

Answer:
Use the command:
tar -xJvf archive.tar.xz

Question 4:
How can you check the syntax of an httpd configuration file?

Answer:
Use the command:
apachectl configtest

Question 5:
Describe how to kill a process by name myapp.

Answer:
Use the command:
pkill myapp

Question 6:
How do you display all available targets that systemd can switch to?

Answer:
Use the command:
systemctl list-unit-files --type=target

Question 7:
Explain how to set up an alias ll for ls -la.

Answer:
Add the line to ~/.bashrc:
alias ll='ls -la'

Question 8:
What is the command to create a physical volume on /dev/sdc1?

Answer:
Use the command:
pvcreate /dev/sdc1

Question 9:
How can you display all the partitions on all disks?

Answer:
Use the command:
fdisk -l

Question 10:
Describe how to view the default gateway of the system.

Answer:
Use the command:
ip route | grep default

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_5

Question 1:
How do you force a file system check on the root partition at the next boot?

Answer:
Create an empty file with:
touch /forcefsck

Question 2:
Explain how to view the shared libraries required by an executable app.

Answer:
Use the command:
ldd app

Question 3:
What is the command to search for all files larger than 100 MB in /var?

Answer:
Use the command:
find /var -size +100M

Question 4:
How can you print the number of lines, words, and characters in a file document.txt?

Answer:
Use the command:
wc document.txt

Question 5:
Describe how to display USB devices connected to the system.

Answer:
Use the command:
lsusb

Question 6:
How do you modify the priority of a running process with PID 4567 to be higher?

Answer:
Use the command:
renice -n -5 -p 4567

Question 7:
Explain how to create a partition table on a new disk /dev/sdd.

Answer:
Use the command:
parted /dev/sdd mklabel gpt

Question 8:
What is the command to list all SELinux Boolean values and their current state?

Answer:
Use the command:
getsebool -a

Question 9:
How can you test the connectivity to a host example.com on port 80?

Answer:
Use the command:
telnet example.com 80

Question 10:
Describe how to display the difference in disk usage before and after deleting files.

Answer:

Check usage before:
df -h
Delete files.
Check usage after:
df -h

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_6

Question 1:
How do you set the file /etc/motd to display a message at login?

Answer:
Edit /etc/motd and add the desired message.

Question 2:
Explain how to remove all .tmp files recursively from /home.

Answer:
Use the command:
find /home -name "*.tmp" -type f -delete

Question 3:
What is the command to display the date seven days from now?

Answer:
Use the command:
date -d "+7 days"

Question 4:
How can you enable IP forwarding on the system?

Answer:
Edit /etc/sysctl.conf and set:
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Then run:
sysctl -p

Question 5:
Describe how to view all scheduled at jobs.

Answer:
Use the command:
atq

Question 6:
How do you change the default shell for user sam to /bin/zsh?

Answer:
Use the command:
chsh -s /bin/zsh sam

Question 7:
Explain how to view the dependencies of an installed package httpd.

Answer:
Use the command:
rpm -qR httpd

Question 8:
What is the command to display the size of the directory /opt in human-readable format?

Answer:
Use the command:
du -sh /opt

Question 9:
How can you simulate the deletion of files using rsync?

Answer:
Use the command with the --dry-run option:
rsync --dry-run --delete source/ destination/

Question 10:
Describe how to force a group ownership of files within a directory shared_dir.

Answer:
Set the setgid bit:
chmod g+s shared_dir

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_7

Question 1:
How do you create a new user called “alex” with a home directory and set the default shell to /bin/bash?

Answer:
Use the command:
useradd -m -s /bin/bash alex

Question 2:
Which command lists all files, including hidden ones, in the /etc directory with detailed information?

Answer:
Use the command:
ls -la /etc

Question 3:
How can you display the last 50 lines of a log file /var/log/messages?

Answer:
Use the command:
tail -50 /var/log/messages

Question 4:
Describe the steps to create a new partition on /dev/sdb and format it with the ext4 filesystem.

Answer:

Use fdisk /dev/sdb to create a new partition.
Inside fdisk, create a new partition and write the changes.
Format the partition:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Question 5:
How do you create a new logical volume named data_lv of size 5G in the volume group vg_data?

Answer:
Use the command:
lvcreate -L 5G -n data_lv vg_data

Question 6:
What command would you use to display all currently running processes in a tree format?

Answer:
Use the command:
pstree

Question 7:
How can you check the status of SELinux on your system?

Answer:
Use the command:
sestatus

Question 8:
Explain how to permanently change the hostname of a RHEL system to server01.

Answer:
Edit the /etc/hostname file and change its content to server01. Then, use the command:
hostnamectl set-hostname server01

Question 9:
Which command would you use to schedule a one-time task to run at 2:30 PM today?

Answer:
Use the at command:
echo "command_to_run" | at 2:30 PM

Question 10:
How do you list all installed packages on a system using yum?

Answer:
Use the command:
yum list installed

Question 11:
Describe how to start, enable, and check the status of the httpd service using systemctl.

Answer:

Start the service:
systemctl start httpd
Enable the service to start on boot:
systemctl enable httpd
Check the status:
systemctl status httpd

Question 12:
How can you add the SSH service to the firewalld runtime configuration and then make it permanent?

Answer:

Add SSH service to runtime configuration:
firewall-cmd --add-service=ssh
Make the change permanent:
firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

Question 13:
What command would you use to find all files named *.conf under the /etc directory?

Answer:
Use the command:
find /etc -name "*.conf"

Question 14:
How do you extract a tar.gz archive named backup.tar.gz into the /tmp directory?

Answer:
Use the command:
tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz -C /tmp

Question 15:
Explain how to change the ownership of the file /var/www/html/index.html to the user webadmin and group webgroup.

Answer:
Use the command:
chown webadmin:webgroup /var/www/html/index.html

Question 16:
How can you display disk usage of all files and directories in the current directory in human-readable format?

Answer:
Use the command:
du -h

Question 17:
Describe the steps to set a password expiration of 90 days for the user jane.

Answer:
Use the command:
chage -M 90 jane

Question 18:
What is the command to install the package wget using yum?

Answer:
Use the command:
yum install wget

Question 19:
How do you view all active network interfaces and their IP addresses?

Answer:
Use the command:
ip addr show

Question 20:
Explain how to create a symbolic link named logs pointing to the /var/log directory.

Answer:
Use the command:
ln -s /var/log logs

Question 21:
How do you display a summary of disk space usage for all mounted file systems in human-readable format?

Answer:
Use the command:
df -h

Question 22:
Explain how to create a new directory /data/backup and set appropriate permissions so only the owner can read, write, and execute.

Answer:

Create the directory:
mkdir -p /data/backup
Set permissions:
chmod 700 /data/backup

Question 23:
What command would you use to view the environment variables of a running process with PID 1234?

Answer:
Use the command:
cat /proc/1234/environ | tr '\0' '\n'

Question 24:
How can you append the contents of file1.txt to file2.txt?

Answer:
Use the command:
cat file1.txt >> file2.txt

Question 25:
Describe how to schedule a recurring job that runs /usr/local/bin/backup.sh every day at midnight using cron.

Answer:

Open the crontab editor:
crontab -e
Add the following line:
0 0 * * * /usr/local/bin/backup.sh

Question 26:
How do you display the differences between two files, config_old.cfg and config_new.cfg?

Answer:
Use the command:
diff config_old.cfg config_new.cfg

Question 27:
Explain how to search for the string ERROR in all .log files within /var/log.

Answer:
Use the command:
grep "ERROR" /var/log/*.log

Question 28:
How can you temporarily switch to the user root within your current shell session?

Answer:
Use the command:
su - root

Question 29:
What is the command to list all loaded kernel modules?

Answer:
Use the command:
lsmod

Question 30:
Describe the steps to increase the size of an existing logical volume data_lv by 2G.

Answer:

Extend the logical volume:
lvextend -L +2G /dev/vg_data/data_lv
Resize the filesystem:
resize2fs /dev/vg_data/data_lv

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_8

Question 1:
How do you display all the alias settings for the current shell?

Answer:
Use the command:
alias

Question 2:
Explain how to mount an NFS share 192.168.1.10:/exports to /mnt/nfs.

Answer:
Use the command:
mount -t nfs 192.168.1.10:/exports /mnt/nfs

Question 3:
What is the command to change file access times without modifying the content?

Answer:
Use the command:
touch filename

Question 4:
How can you compress a file largefile using bzip2?

Answer:
Use the command:
bzip2 largefile

Question 5:
Describe how to check the connectivity to a remote host using ICMP packets.

Answer:
Use the command:
ping remote_host

Question 6:
How do you display the current value of the kernel parameter fs.file-max?

Answer:
Use the command:
sysctl fs.file-max

Question 7:
Explain how to extract the username and shell from the /etc/passwd file.

Answer:
Use the command:
awk -F: '{print $1, $7}' /etc/passwd

Question 8:
What is the command to view the current SELinux mode?

Answer:
Use the command:
sestatus

Question 9:
How can you rename a file oldname.txt to newname.txt?

Answer:
Use the command:
mv oldname.txt newname.txt

Question 10:
Describe how to set the date and time to 2023-12-31 23:59:00.

Answer:
Use the command:
date -s "2023-12-31 23:59:00"

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_9

Question 1:
How do you list all the firewall rules currently in effect?

Answer:
Use the command:
iptables -L -n

Question 2:
Explain how to check the integrity of a file download.iso using MD5 checksum.

Answer:
Use the command:
md5sum download.iso

Question 3:
What is the command to display the amount of time the system has been running?

Answer:
Use the command:
uptime

Question 4:
How can you view the DNS records for a domain example.com?

Answer:
Use the command:
dig example.com

Question 5:
Describe how to set a file /etc/secure.conf to be immutable.

Answer:
Use the command:
chattr +i /etc/secure.conf

Question 6:
How do you display the process tree for a specific PID 1234?

Answer:
Use the command:
pstree -p 1234

Question 7:
Explain how to create a swap file of size 1G.

Answer:

Create the file:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1G count=1
Set up the swap area:
mkswap /swapfile
Enable the swap:
swapon /swapfile

Question 8:
What is the command to check for available security updates?

Answer:
Use the command:
yum check-update --security

Question 9:
How can you view the CPU information of the system?

Answer:
Use the command:
lscpu

Question 10:
Describe how to monitor real-time network traffic on interface eth0.

Answer:
Use the command:
tcpdump -i eth0

RHCSA_Practice_Questions_10

Question 1:
How do you remove a user david and his home directory?

Answer:
Use the command:
userdel -r david

Question 2:
Explain how to display the number of open file descriptors per process.

Answer:
Use the command:
lsof | awk '{print $2}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr

Question 3:
What is the command to list all available shells on the system?

Answer:
Use the command:
cat /etc/shells

Question 4:
How can you check the status of a network interface eth0?

Answer:
Use the command:
nmcli device status

Question 5:
Describe how to display the last ten logged in users.

Answer:
Use the command:
last -n 10

Question 6:
How do you find and delete empty directories within /tmp?

Answer:
Use the command:
find /tmp -type d -empty -delete

Question 7:
Explain how to create a hard link file_hardlink to a file original_file.

Answer:
Use the command:
ln original_file file_hardlink

Question 8:
What is the command to schedule a shutdown at 10:00 PM today?

Answer:
Use the command:
shutdown -h 22:00

Question 9:
How can you display the host’s DNS configuration?

Answer:
Use the command:
cat /etc/resolv.conf

Question 10:
Describe how to change the priority of a job in the print queue.

Answer:
Use the command:
lp -i <job-ID> -o job-priority=<value>

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Overview

rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_001

INSTRUCTION

NODE1

rhcsa9_ex200f__practice_002

RHCSA-VM Configuration

Question 1: Configure SELinux

Question 2: Create a 100MB Physical Partition Mounted Under /gluster

Question 3: Create a 150MB Swap Partition

Question 4: Create a YUM Repository

Question 5: Create Users and Groups

Question 6: Create a Collaborative Directory /redhat/sysgrp

Question 7: Install and Configure Kernel Update

Question 8: Enable IP Forwarding

Question 9: Configure a Cron Job for User andrew

Question 10: Configure AutoFS for LDAP Users

Question 11: Configure NTP Client

Question 12: Copy and Configure /etc/fstab with Appropriate Permissions

BEST OF LUCK

RHCSA 9 Practice Exam

Section A: Basic System Administration (100 Marks)

Question 1: User and Group Management (20 Marks)

Question 2: File Permissions (20 Marks)

Question 3: Software Management (20 Marks)

Question 4: Networking (40 Marks)

Section B: Advanced System Administration (200 Marks)

Question 5: LVM Management (50 Marks)

Question 6: SELinux (30 Marks)

Question 7: Firewall (30 Marks)

Question 8: Troubleshooting (40 Marks)

Question 9: Backup and Restore (50 Marks)

Most Commonly Asked RHCSA Topics

Question 1: User and Group Management

Task 1.1: Create a New User

Answer:

Task 1.2: Create a New Group

Answer:

Task 1.3: Set Password Expiry

Answer:

Question 2: File and Directory Management

Task 2.1: Create a Directory

Answer:

Task 2.2: Set Permissions

Answer:

Task 2.3: Set Default ACLs

Answer:

Question 3: Package Management

Task 3.1: Install a Package

Answer:

Task 3.2: Start and Enable a Service

Answer:

Task 3.3: Verify the Service

Answer:

Question 4: Logical Volume Management

Task 4.1: Create a Physical Volume

Answer:

Task 4.2: Create a Volume Group

Answer:

Task 4.3: Create a Logical Volume

Answer:

Task 4.4: Create a Filesystem

Answer:

Task 4.5: Mount the Filesystem

Answer:

Task 4.6: Persist the Mount

Answer:

Question 5: SELinux Management

Task 5.1: Set SELinux Mode

Answer:

Task 5.2: Restore Default File Contexts

Answer:

Task 5.3: Set SELinux Boolean

Answer:

Question 6: Network Configuration

Task 6.1: Configure a Static IP Address

Answer:

Task 6.2: Configure DNS

Answer:

Question 7: Firewall Configuration

Task 7.1: Allow HTTP Traffic

Question 2: Create a 100MB Physical Partition Mounted Under `/gluster`

Question 6: Create a Collaborative Directory `/redhat/sysgrp`

Question 9: Configure a Cron Job for User `andrew`

Question 12: Copy and Configure `/etc/fstab` with Appropriate Permissions